Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids.
Teslovich TM., Musunuru K., Smith AV., Edmondson AC., Stylianou IM., Koseki M., Pirruccello JP., Ripatti S., Chasman DI., Willer CJ., Johansen CT., Fouchier SW., Isaacs A., Peloso GM., Barbalic M., Ricketts SL., Bis JC., Aulchenko YS., Thorleifsson G., Feitosa MF., Chambers J., Orho-Melander M., Melander O., Johnson T., Li X., Guo X., Li M., Shin Cho Y., Jin Go M., Jin Kim Y., Lee J-Y., Park T., Kim K., Sim X., Twee-Hee Ong R., Croteau-Chonka DC., Lange LA., Smith JD., Song K., Hua Zhao J., Yuan X., Luan J., Lamina C., Ziegler A., Zhang W., Zee RYL., Wright AF., Witteman JCM., Wilson JF., Willemsen G., Wichmann H-E., Whitfield JB., Waterworth DM., Wareham NJ., Waeber G., Vollenweider P., Voight BF., Vitart V., Uitterlinden AG., Uda M., Tuomilehto J., Thompson JR., Tanaka T., Surakka I., Stringham HM., Spector TD., Soranzo N., Smit JH., Sinisalo J., Silander K., Sijbrands EJG., Scuteri A., Scott J., Schlessinger D., Sanna S., Salomaa V., Saharinen J., Sabatti C., Ruokonen A., Rudan I., Rose LM., Roberts R., Rieder M., Psaty BM., Pramstaller PP., Pichler I., Perola M., Penninx BWJH., Pedersen NL., Pattaro C., Parker AN., Pare G., Oostra BA., O'Donnell CJ., Nieminen MS., Nickerson DA., Montgomery GW., Meitinger T., McPherson R., McCarthy MI., McArdle W., Masson D., Martin NG., Marroni F., Mangino M., Magnusson PKE., Lucas G., Luben R., Loos RJF., Lokki M-L., Lettre G., Langenberg C., Launer LJ., Lakatta EG., Laaksonen R., Kyvik KO., Kronenberg F., König IR., Khaw K-T., Kaprio J., Kaplan LM., Johansson A., Jarvelin M-R., Janssens ACJW., Ingelsson E., Igl W., Kees Hovingh G., Hottenga J-J., Hofman A., Hicks AA., Hengstenberg C., Heid IM., Hayward C., Havulinna AS., Hastie ND., Harris TB., Haritunians T., Hall AS., Gyllensten U., Guiducci C., Groop LC., Gonzalez E., Gieger C., Freimer NB., Ferrucci L., Erdmann J., Elliott P., Ejebe KG., Döring A., Dominiczak AF., Demissie S., Deloukas P., de Geus EJC., de Faire U., Crawford G., Collins FS., Chen Y-DI., Caulfield MJ., Campbell H., Burtt NP., Bonnycastle LL., Boomsma DI., Boekholdt SM., Bergman RN., Barroso I., Bandinelli S., Ballantyne CM., Assimes TL., Quertermous T., Altshuler D., Seielstad M., Wong TY., Tai E-S., Feranil AB., Kuzawa CW., Adair LS., Taylor HA., Borecki IB., Gabriel SB., Wilson JG., Holm H., Thorsteinsdottir U., Gudnason V., Krauss RM., Mohlke KL., Ordovas JM., Munroe PB., Kooner JS., Tall AR., Hegele RA., Kastelein JJP., Schadt EE., Rotter JI., Boerwinkle E., Strachan DP., Mooser V., Stefansson K., Reilly MP., Samani NJ., Schunkert H., Cupples LA., Sandhu MS., Ridker PM., Rader DJ., van Duijn CM., Peltonen L., Abecasis GR., Boehnke M., Kathiresan S.
Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are among the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and are targets for therapeutic intervention. We screened the genome for common variants associated with plasma lipids in >100,000 individuals of European ancestry. Here we report 95 significantly associated loci (P < 5 x 10(-8)), with 59 showing genome-wide significant association with lipid traits for the first time. The newly reported associations include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near known lipid regulators (for example, CYP7A1, NPC1L1 and SCARB1) as well as in scores of loci not previously implicated in lipoprotein metabolism. The 95 loci contribute not only to normal variation in lipid traits but also to extreme lipid phenotypes and have an impact on lipid traits in three non-European populations (East Asians, South Asians and African Americans). Our results identify several novel loci associated with plasma lipids that are also associated with CAD. Finally, we validated three of the novel genes-GALNT2, PPP1R3B and TTC39B-with experiments in mouse models. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation to develop a broader biological understanding of lipoprotein metabolism and to identify new therapeutic opportunities for the prevention of CAD.