Kidney Disease in South Asia

© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. South Asia is home to 40% of world's poor population but spends just 4% of its GDP on healthcare. Access to healthcare is limited as two thirds of the population lives in rural areas whereas most medical facilities are restricted to big cities. The prevalence of CKD in different communities varies from 7.5%-20% and diabetes mellitus is the leading cause. The cause of CKD cannot be identified in a significant proportion in certain geographic regions. The majority of patients with CKD are young and usually present late to hospitals. About 70% of ESRD patients either die or discontinue treatment within 3 months of renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis facilities are restricted to cities and mostly available in expensive private sector facilities. Peritoneal dialysis has poor penetration and deceased organ donation is still in infancy. The region boasts of largest free kidney transplant program in Asia. The ongoing professional and government efforts to enhance CKD care hold promise for the future.