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ObjectiveTo report trends in event and case fatality rates for acute myocardial infarction and examine the relative contributions of changes in these rates to changes in total mortality from acute myocardial infarction by sex, age, and geographical region between 2002 and 2010.DesignPopulation based study using person linked routine hospital and mortality data.SettingEngland.Participants840,175 people of all ages who were admitted to hospital for acute myocardial infarction or died suddenly from acute myocardial infarction.Main outcome measuresAcute myocardial infarction event, 30 day case fatality, and total mortality rates.ResultsFrom 2002 to 2010 in England, the age standardised total mortality rate fell by about half, whereas the age standardised event and case fatality rates both declined by about one third. In men, the acute myocardial infarction event, case fatality, and total mortality rates declined at an average annual rate of, respectively, 4.8% (95% confidence interval 3.0% to 6.5%), 3.6% (3.4% to 3.7%), and 8.6% (5.4% to 11.6%). In women, the corresponding figures were 4.5% (1.7% to 7.1%), 4.2% (4.0% to 4.3%), and 9.1% (4.5% to 13.6%). Overall, the relative contributions of the reductions in event and case fatality rates to the decline in acute myocardial infarction mortality rate were, respectively, 57% and 43% in men and 52% and 48% in women; however, the relative contributions differed by age, sex, and geographical region.ConclusionsJust over half of the decline in deaths from acute myocardial infarction during the 2000s in England can be attributed to a decline in event rate and just less than half to improved survival at 30 days. Both prevention of acute myocardial infarction and acute medical treatment have contributed to the decline in deaths from acute myocardial infarction over the past decade.

Original publication

DOI

10.1136/bmj.d8059

Type

Journal article

Journal

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

Publication Date

25/01/2012

Volume

344

Addresses

Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Headington, Oxford, UK. kate.smolina@spc.ox.ac.uk

Keywords

Humans, Myocardial Infarction, Hospitalization, Survival Rate, Age Factors, Sex Factors, Time Factors, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, England, Female, Male