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We examined the association between fruits and vegetables and risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Dietary intake data and complete follow-up information on cancer incidence were available for 375,851 participants recruited in EPIC centers of 8 countries. During an average follow-up of 6.2 years, 306 incident cases of RCC were identified. The associations of consumption of total vegetables, total fruits, combined total fruits and vegetables and specific subtypes of vegetables with RCC risk were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards, stratified by centre and adjusted for potential confounders. No significant associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and RCC risk were observed despite a wide range of intake. The estimated relative risks (95% confidence intervals [CI]) in men and women combined were 0.97 (0.85-1.11) per 40 g increase in vegetable intake, 1.03 (0.97-1.08) per 40 g increase in fruit intake and 1.02 (0.93-1.11) per 80 g increase in fruit and vegetable intake combined. Among the vegetable subtypes, an inverse association was observed for root vegetables (RR per 8 g increase: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78-0.99). These results suggest that total consumption of fruits and vegetables is not related to risk of RCC, although we cannot exclude the possibility that very low consumption is related to higher risk. The relationship of specific fruit and vegetable subgroups with RCC risk warrant further investigation.

Original publication

DOI

10.1002/ijc.21765

Type

Journal article

Journal

Int J Cancer

Publication Date

15/06/2006

Volume

118

Pages

3133 - 3139

Keywords

Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Europe, Feeding Behavior, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fruit, Humans, Incidence, Kidney Neoplasms, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vegetables